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The Shovel head is an air-cooled, XX degree, V-twin motorcycle engine manufactured from XXXX to XXXX by Harley-Davidson. Initial models had an engine displacement of X,XXX cc (XX cu in). Roughly halfway through production of the XXXX model year, this was increased to X,XXX cc (XX cu in) for some of Harley's Big Twin bikes.XXXXcc, referred to by the company as XXci., engines were optional on FLH models halfway through XXXX and through all of 'XX before becoming standard equipment for FLH models in XXXX. These bikes were referred to as FLH-XX Electra Glide II models. FX model bikes continued to be offered with either XXXX or XXXX cc engines till XXXX when XXXXcc, also referred to as XX ci., was made standard across the Big Twin line. The "shovel" cylinder head represented an offshoot of the Harley-Davidson Knucklehead engine but featured slightly different look. The name was derived from the appearance of the rocker box covers. Because these covers bring to mind the head of coal shovels when inverted, the name shovel-head was natural progression. The shovel engines powered Harleys up until the introduction of the Evolution engine in XXXX, ending the reign of the "shovel" as enthusiasts frequently call these engines. The shovel engine does not have covers, per se, but rocker boxes and rocker arms which pivot on shafts. The design provided more than unique look; it produced XX% more horsepower than the pan-head engine which it replaced. From XXXX through XXXX the shovel-head kept the pan-head style lower end. These early style shovel heads with the generator bottoms were often referred to as slab side shovels. From XXXX on the shovel-heads used an alternator bottom often termed cone shovel.